Irreversibility

Examples:

Example 1: Wind Turbine

Example 2: Solar Panels

Example 3: Electric Motor

Example 4: Heat goes from hot to cold

Example 5: Mixing (Coffee + Creamer)

Example 6: Snowboarding

Example 7: Joule Effect

Summary of Examples:

Energy Conversion

• Examples #1 & #3: $W\Rightarrow W+Q_{loss}$
• Example #2: $Q\Rightarrow W+Q_{loss}$

Heat transfer:

• Example #4: $Hot\Rightarrow Cold$

Mixing:

• Example #4: Temperature
• Example #5: Chemical Species

Resistance to...

• Example #6: Friction
• Example #7: Joule Effect